By integrating films with high energy-storage performance on flexible substrates, one could meet the energy conversion needs for numerous flexible applications like electronic textiles, wearable and implantable …
Preparation of the sensor As shown in Fig. 2, the preparation process of the sensor was mainly divided into two parts: the first part was the fabrication of the wavy substrate shown in Fig. 2a–g ...
Since the revival of multiferroic laminates with giant magnetoelectric (ME) coefficients, a variety of multifunctional ME devices, such as sensor, inductor, filter, antenna etc. have been developed. Magnetoelastic materials, which couple the magnetization and strain together, have recently attracted ever-increasing attention due to their key roles in …
Pyroelectric energy conversion in a thin-film relaxor ferroelectric is studied under an electric field, resulting in high energy and power densities. Performance is equivalent to a ZT = 1.16 ...
Graphical Abstract. This paper presents the state-of-the-art review of piezoelectric energy harvesting with a special focus on materials and applications. Piezoelectric energy conversion principles are delineated, and the working mechanisms and operational modes of piezoelectric generators are elucidated.
Nanostructured metal oxide thin films have become the desired electrode material for energy storage applications due to their higher surface area and appropriate pore size distribution. Herein, a brief literature survey is made regarding metal oxide thin films for supercapacitor application deposited by the spray pyrolysis technique.
The substrate material of thin-film sensors is fundamental to their functionality and directly influences the performance and application scope of the sensors. Based on their properties and application requirements, substrate materials can generally be categorized into three types: metal, semiconductor, and polymer.
The HFET construction uses a thin film of Pd as the metal contact controlling the device. The presence of hydrogen results in the migration of atomic hydrogen to the interface between the metal film and the insulator, which results in a change in the output of the device that is scaled to the hydrogen concentration.
Benefiting from the ultrathin characteristics, small heat capacity and fast response characteristics of thin films, the sensor can realize the real-time monitoring of breath temperature.
About this book. This book provides a comprehensive overview of thin film structures in energy applications. Each chapter contains both fundamentals principles for each thin film structure as well as the relevant energy application technologies. The authors cover thin films for a variety of energy sectors including inorganic and organic solar ...
For the fabrication of thin films, Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) techniques specified greater contribution than all other deposition techniques. Laser Ablation or Pulsed Laser deposition (PLD) technique is the one of most promising techniques for the fabrication of thin films among all other physical vapor deposition. In …
High-temperature thin-film sensors (TFSs) often suffer from inadequate tolerance to elevated temperatures. In this study, an innovative approach is presented to …
The energy storage density (Wre) of the BZT15 film capacitor with the buffer layers reaches 112.35 J/cm³ with energy storage efficiency (η) of 76.7% at room temperature, which is about 55.29% ...
Thin film solid-state batteries stand out as desired components to produce on-chip energy storage, sometimes known as ''power on a chip''. Multilayer structures have been tried for this purpose. The characteristics of both electrodes and the solid electrolyte require careful choice to meet this need. In this paper, we propose a thin-film ...
In the context of functional and hierarchical materials, electrode reactions coupled with one or more chemical reactions constitute the most powerful bottom-up process for the electrosynthesis of film components and their electrodeposition, enabling the localized functionalization of conductive surfaces using an electrical stimulus. In analogy …
In contrast, thin film techniques can form uniform film over a large area with easy thickness control, conductive to the reliable construction of sensors. Moreover, thin film sensor technique is compatible with current micro/nano-fabrication in micro-electromechanical system (MEMS), therefore, featuring the scalable production for …
Relaxors are polar oxides with nanosized domains and high chemical disorder. • Specific roles of ionic/electronic defects in relaxor thin films are investigated. • Advances in relaxor thin-film defect engineering to enhance energy storage density. • Strategic use of
The scope of this Special Issue encompasses, but is not restricted to, the following list of materials and types of thin-film sensors: Refractive index sensors based on nanoparticles, or nanopatterned films, manifesting localized surface plasmon resonances (LSPR); Molecular sensors based on surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS);
The aim of this Special Issue is to present the latest research and development of energy storage and harvesting devices that integrate thin film technologies, such as physical vapour deposition …
Thin film materials used in energy conversion and storage provide opportunities to improve the performance, density, and transportation of renewable resources. This Special Issue …
Two types of photodiode are used to demonstrate the operation of the thin-film PPD architecture: an OPD and a QDPD (Fig. 2a–e).Both these are co-integrated with an IGZO TFT (Fig. 2f–h).For the ...
With the increase of interest in the application of piezoelectric polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) in nanogenerators (NGs), sensors, and microdevices, the most efficient and suitable methods of their synthesis are being pursued. Electrospinning is an effective method to prepare higher content β-phase PVDF nanofiber films without …
This chapter is intended to give an overview of thin film thermoelectric materials with a focus on their application as different sensors. The chapter is divided …
Pyroelectric materials in bulk and thin-film forms have been discussed above for PyEH applications, such as heat sensors, thermal imaging or infrared sensors, fire alarms, and gas sensors. The selection of the materials is conducted based on the FoMs for these applications, i.e., F v, F i, F E, and k 2, as these have already been …
High-temperature thin-film sensors (TFSs) often suffer from inadequate tolerance to elevated temperatures. In this study, an innovative approach is presented to fabricate in situ integrated TFSs with a core–shell structure on alloy components using coaxial multi-ink printing technique. This method replaces traditional layer-by-layer (LbL) …
Abstract. Recent advances in flexible magnetic film technologies have attracted wide attentions, which provides both magnetizable and flexible properties for advanced sensor and actuator integration applications. The successful performance relies on the materials, preparation technologies involving film-forming and magnetization, and ...
At the Fraunhofer IST, we develop multifunctional thin-film sensor systems for the local measurement of pressure and temperature distribution on surfaces, for example of tools. This involves a wear-resistant multilayer system which can record the measurement data – particularly in highly stressed areas and on complexly shaped surfaces.
We show that high-energy ion bombardment improves the energy storage performance of relaxor ferroelec. thin films. Intrinsic point defects created by ion bombardment reduce leakage, delay low-field polarization satn., enhance high-field polarizability, and improve …
Herein, we report eco-friendly BiFeO 3-modified Bi 3.15 Nd 0.85 Ti 2.8 Zr 0.2 O 12 (BNTZ) free-lead ferroelectric thin films for high-temperature capacitor applications that …
Preparations and characterization of the functional nanofilms and micro- and nanostructured materials are introduced in the framework of transduction. The significant roles of functional nanofilms in resolving matters and their advantages in applications both in liquid and gas phase sensors are demonstrated. This main part of the chapter covers ...
Carbon materials secure to progress a plenty of real-world technologies. In particular, they are emerging materials in numerous electrochemical applications, including electrochemical sensor and biosensor platforms, fuel cells, water electrolyzers, etc ...
Applications of Nanotechnology. After more than 20 years of basic nanoscience research and more than fifteen years of focused R&D under the NNI, applications of nanotechnology are delivering in both expected and unexpected ways on nanotechnology''s promise to benefit society. Nanotechnology is helping to considerably improve, even ...
Mak et al. employed Pd 70 Cu 30 alloy thin films as optical hydrogen sensor, however, with the main aim to reduce O 2 interference. ... Widespread application of hydrogen for energy storage, …
Poly (vinylidene fluoride-co-trifluoroethylene) (P (VDF-TrFE)) is a high performance piezoelectric polymer material. Combining the metallic and polymer materials, the f-PEH generated an output voltage, current, and power of about 17 V, 2.5 mA, and 12 mW, respectively. 7. Comparison and recommendation.
In this article, we review the fundamentals and development of state-of-the-art organic thermoelectric materials. We also include research efforts for organic–inorganic hybrids and inorganic materials, and also some application designs for utilizing thermoelectric power generation for energy harvesting applications. 2.
NiCrAlY thin films are employed as buffer layers for high temperature thin film sensors, and thermally grown alumina (TG Al 2 O 3) scales are formed by vacuum segregation and oxidation of Al processes at high temperature, which could synergistically enhance the insulation properties of the thin film sensors. ...
Various applications have been explored for CBD synthesized assorted morphologies toward energy conversion, storage, sensors, and transistors exhibiting its widespread use. 10 Future Challenges In addition to the advantages of chemical bath deposited films, there are some limitations to consider.